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The official date of monsoon withdrawal this year was October 14. HT examined daily PM2.5 data for a period of 120 days between August 1 and November 15 this year, and found a significant upward spike in the daily average quantum of these pollutants soon after October 7, as the influence of the southwest monsoon began to recede from the city.
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These particles can be inhaled by humans on exposure, leading to a range of adverse health impacts, from respiratory distress, cardiovascular disease and accelerated organ degeneration on prolonged exposure. PM2.5 refers to tiny, airborne particles less than 2.5 micrometres in diameter or about thirty times less than the width of a human hair. Experts attributed the pollution spike to an accumulation of particulate matter in the city’s air, which is a typical phenomenon at this point in its pollution cycle.
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As per the World Health Organisation, the daily safe limit is 15ug/m3. The ‘safe’ threshold for PM2.5 concentration, as stipulated in the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), is 60ug/m3 per day. Most of the city’s PM2.5 load, as demonstrated by multiple studies, comes from anthropogenic sources including road dust, construction and demolition activities and vehicular emissions. That is an increase of 320% from the first week of October. In the week ending October 7, when sporadic showers were still occurring over the city, air quality monitors registered an average daily PM2.5 concentration of 27.5ug/m3 (micrograms per cubic metre of air), taken as an average of the preceding week.īy November 1, this quantum had increased to 61ug/m3, rising further to 89.4ug/m3 on November 15. The concentration of PM2.5 - Mumbai’s most widely prevalent air pollutant - shot up four times within six weeks, official data shows.